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人教新目标八年级上册英语第一至十单元知识点小结(4)


 Unit 4    What’s the best movie theater?
1.the best movie theater  最好的电影院             2.the biggest screens  最大的荧屏
3. the best sound  最好的音响                     4. all kinds of…    各种各样的
5.the shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间          6. three meals a day  一日三餐
7.the most comfortable seats  最舒服的座位     take a seat    就坐
8.buy clothes the most cheaply买衣服最便宜         9. the worst service最差的服务
10. buy tickets the most quickly  买票最快      11. know the way around 熟悉周围的路
12. choose songs the most carefully选择歌曲最仔细 13. the street performers 街头表演者      
14. the most exciting magicians最令人兴奋的魔术师   15. take…seriously认真对待…
16. the most creative talent show最有创意的才艺表演  17.and so on 等等
18. sing the most beautifully 唱得最动听             19. pretty loud  相当响亮
20.Welcome to the neighborhood! 欢迎来到社区!   welcome to sp. 欢迎到… 
                         形容词和副词的最高级
一、含义
1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级: 原级、比较级、最高级: badly – worse - worst
2. 最高级:表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之间的比较。
二.最高级基本句型结构              
             ↗ 系动词+ the+adj.(最)         of + 同类 ( of all/us..)
 1. 主语 + 谓语动词 + the + adj./adv.(最)  +   
             ↘ 实义动词+ (the)+ adv.(最)   in + 范围 (in China...)
如:Tara is the youngest of all.    Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class. 
   注:1. 副词的最高级前可省略 “the”: 如:sit (the) most comfortably 坐得最舒适
       2. 最高级前有其它的限定词时,不加“the”: my best friend
 2. Which / Who …+the + 最高级…, A, B or C ? 
e.g. Which do you like (the) best, apples, pears or oranges?
 3. one of +the +最高级(形)+名(复): “最…之一”。
     e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world.
 4. the + 序数词+最高级(形)+名(单):e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China.
 5. This is the +最高级(形)+名(单)+ that 从句:
e.g. This is the worst movie that I have ever seen.  这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影。
 6. a+最高级(形)+名(单) : 表示“非常”。 e.g. Spring is a best season.    
三.原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换
  1、原级与比较级的转换:比较级+than  →   not...as/so...as...
e.g. He speaks more loudly than me. → I don’t speak as/so loudly as he/him.
  2、比较级与最高级的转换:                    the other +名(复)
    (在范围之内) the+最高级 → 比较级+than+  any other+名(单)
    e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class.
Jim is taller than any other student in our class.
Jim is taller than the other students in our class.
Jim is taller than anyone else in our class.
     但:Jim is taller than any student/ the students in your class.
21. That’s up to you to decide. 那由你决定。   be up to sb.( to decide.) 由某人决定
   be up to (doing) sth. 胜任;适合      如:He isn’t up to watching the flowers.  
   What’up?= What’ wrong?= What’s the matter?   怎么哪?
   what’s more: 另外;还有                  what’s worse: 更糟糕的是
22.How do you like the neighbor hood so far?      so far: 迄今为止;到现在为止
   同义句:1. How is the neighborhood?  2. What do you think of the neighborhood?
           3. How do you feel about the neighborhood?
23. Thanks for telling me.     thanks(n):感谢   如:many thanks = Thank you very much. 
      thanks for (doing) sth. = thank sb. for (doing) sth.   感谢某人做某事
24.No problem.  1). 不客气;(回答感谢) 2)、没关系(回答道歉)3). 没问题(回答请求)
25.---How far is it from your home to the school? ---- 10 minutes by bus. 乘车十分钟的路程。
26.It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents. 看其他人展示他们的才艺总是有趣的。
                                           do sth.    ( 经常或已发生)
                                           doing sth.  ( 某次或正在发生)
  如:I often hear her sing.  (经常)     I saw her come into the classroom. (已发生)
      I saw them playing basketball yesterday.   ( 某次或正在发生)
27. 全世界: around the world = in the world = all over the world.
28. All these shows have one thing in common. 所有的这些节目都有一个共同之处。
                 常见的;普通的  如:common knowledge 常识; common people 老百姓   
                 共同的;公共的  如: common habits.
                 have sth. in common (with sb.): (与某人)在某方面有共同之处。
In common with sb./sth : 与...一样: In common with others, she also likes music.
29. The cinema is the closest to my home. 电影院离我家最近。
            (v):关闭;封闭  close the door/road.  closed(adj):关闭的;不公开的 The door is closed.
            (adj): 近的;接近的   He is close to success.   他快要成功了。
                  亲密的;密切的  my close friend       我亲密的朋友。
            (adv): 接近;靠近     He sits close to the window. 他坐在窗户旁边。
30.When people watch the show, they usually play a role in deciding the winner. 
当人们看节目的时候,他们通常扮演着决定获胜者的角色
             play a role in ... 在...扮演角色/起作用  如:play an important role in the family   
             play a role of ...  扮演...角色          如:play a role of a reporter     
             play     ‘s role well  扮演...角色演得好  如:play Mulan’s  role well   
31. The winner always gets a very good prize. 获胜者总能得到丰厚的奖励。
获得一等奖   win the first prize
获得最佳演员奖   win the prize for the best actor
奖项颁给….        The prize goes to Jim.