过去完成时导学案
一、目标点击
1.了解英语中现在完成时态与过去完成时态的区别。
2.学习过去完成时的构成及用法
二、自主学习与合作探究
讨论现在完成时的构成与用法:
一)1. 构成: have/has + 过去分词
2. 用法1). 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果.
用法2).现在完成时表示过去发生的某动作从过去一直持续到现在(将来还有可能继续下去)。常和for+时间段和since+时间点连用。
I have studied English for 3 years.( 从过去持续到现在)
I have taught here since I came here.( 主句的动作“教”从过去持续到现在),(记住:since(从……)从句的动作要用过去时,我们平时不是爱说“从过去”吗?)
二) 过去完成时
1)构成:had+过去分词
2)用法:过去完成时表示过去某一时刻 或某一动作之前已经完成的动作或呈现的状态。也就是说发生在“过去的过去”。
肯定式:主语+had+p.p.+…. 否定式:主语+hadn’t+p.p.+….
疑问式:Had+主语+p.p.+…?
肯定答语:Yes, 主语+had 否定答语:No, 主语+hadn’t
3)常用的时间状语等标志词:
1、by, before, when, by the time等构成的短语或引导的从句。
Eg. 1)By the time she came to the bus stop, the bus had already gone.
过去完成时则主要体现过去发生的两动作的先后有别,表达的是“过去的过去”,即比过去发生的某动作都还要“过去”,两动作中先发生的就用过去完成时,后发生的则只用一般过去时。运用过去完成时的句子往往有两过去的时间或动作,一定要注意这点哟!
Mr Green had lived in New York for ten years before he came to China.("来”中国已过去,而先前“住”在纽约更过去!)
We had learned 1000 words by the end of last term.
(“上期期末”已过去,而是在其前“学”的就更过去了!) eg:
(15)By the time the war____,most of the people had left.
A.was began B.was broken out C.broke out D.had been broken out
( )(16)If she______harder,she would have succeeded.
A.had worked B.have worked C.should work D.worked
( )(18)He is talking so much about America as if he_______there.
A.had been B.has been C.was D.been
( )(19)That dinner was the most expensive meal we___.
A.would have B.have had C.had never had D.had ever had
( )(20)When Jack arrived he learned Mary______for almost an hour.
A.had gone B.had set of C.had left D.had been away
答案(1)-5) D C B D (6)-10)D A D A D (11)—(15)D B C C (16)—(20)A A D D。