2.be used to doing sth

意为“习惯于做某事”，其中to是介词，后须接名词或动词-ing形式。

【例句】

I was used to the hard life here. 我习惯这里的艰苦生活。

He is used to working before six in the morning. 他已经习惯每天早晨六点以前干活。

【课堂变式】

1. She used to____ in the morning, but now she is used to ______ at night.

A. read; read B. read; reading C. reading; read D. reading; reading

【解析】前一空是used to do sth结构，后一空是be used to doing 结构。若第二空采用be used to do sth结构，主语she不能成为use的承受者。另外，由but now可知前一句说的是过去的情况，后一空说的是现在的情况。正确答案是B。

2. I used to go outside on weekends. (改为否定句) I____ ____ to go outside on weekends.

【解析】本题考查used to do的否定结构。其否定句为didn’t use to do或used not to do。正确答案是didn’t use/used not。

2.What did his friends used to look like? 他的朋友过去长得什么样子？

What does sb look like? 只用来询问某人的外貌长相，相当于What is sb like?, like在句中作介词，意为“像”。

【备课例句】

—What does Tom look like? (=What is Tom like?) 汤姆长得什么模样？

—He is very much like his father, tall and dark. 他非常像他的父亲又高又黑。

【横向辐射】What is sb/ sth like?& What does sb like? 

1. What is sb/ sth like?

What is sb like? 还可用来询问某人的品质。What is sth. like?用来询问事物的性质，特别是用来谈论天气状况, like在句中作介词，意为“像”。

【例句】

—What is Lily like? 莉莉是怎样的一个人？

—She’s a very nice girl. 她是个非常好的女孩。

—What’s the weather like? 今天天气怎么样？

—Very fine. 很晴朗。

—What’s this book like? 这本书怎么样？

—Very interesting. 很有趣。

2.What does sb like?

该句型用来询问某人“喜欢什么”，like为动词“喜欢”。

【例句】

—What does Li Hua like? 李华喜欢什么？　

—He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。

【课堂变式】

—What does the lady look like?—          . 

A. She’s fine and well                 B. She’s really a nice lady

C. She’s tall and thin                  D. She likes wearing skirts

【解析】A意为“她身体很好”，B意为“她的确是个好女士”，C意为“她是个瘦高个”，D意为“她喜欢穿短裙子”。问句是问长相如何，应选C。

Section A（3a ~ 3c）

a. 词汇包：

1. dare敢于；胆敢；可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。

（1）实义动词dare后面接动词不定式to do

【例句】

I dare to swim across the river

I don't dare to say that.

Do you dare to go with me?(肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答：No, I don't.）

（2）dare作情态动词时后面接动词原形（不带to的动词不定式）。

【例句】

I daren't say that.

Dare you go with me?(肯定回答：Yes, I dare. 否定回答：No, I dare not.)

How dare you say that?

If he dare break the rule , he will be punished . 

注意：dare作情态动词时主要用于疑问句,否定句和条件从句中,不用于肯定句（只有一个例外—I dare say，但那是一个固定短语，意思是“我相信, 可能, 我想是这样”）。

（3）在否定句或疑问句中，现代英语口语常用实义动词的dare，但省略后面的to，直接接动词原形。

【例句】

I don't dare say that.

Do you dare go with me?

【备课例句】

Mary dare not go home because she failed the math test again.

玛丽不敢回家，因为她数学考试又没及格。

【课堂变式】

—Would you like to come over to my house tomorrow?

—Oh, I ‘d love to . but I am afraid of your pet dog. I ____ go close to it .?

A. can’t             B. mustn’t           C. needn’t            D. daren’t?

【解析】由题意可知，我是怕你的宠物狗，而不敢靠近它. dare作情态动词的否定式为daren’t;故答案选D。

2. give up 放弃

后接动词-ing形式或名词，但不能接动词不定式。后接代词作宾语时，代词应放在give和up之间。

You should give up smoking. 你应该戒烟。

Math is too difficult for me. I think I’ll give it up. 数学对我来说太难。我想我会放弃它。

【横向辐射】give的相关短语

give in 屈服，让步；give back归还；give away分发，赠送；give sb a hand 帮某人的忙

【课堂变式】

—Is he still raising money for charity?

—Yes. He never_____ hope of helping poor children.?

A. gives up          B. gives out         C. takes off           D. takes out?

【解析】gives out“分发”；takes off “脱下‘起飞”；takes out“拿出”。根据上句Is he still raising money for charity?及答语Yes可知答案选A，意为“放弃”。

b. 句式包：

1. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 凯迪告诉我她以前真的很害羞并且开始唱歌来应对她的害羞。

这是由that 引导的宾语从句。

①take up:   开始从事    

【备课例句】

Jack took up running for exercise to lose weight this month 杰克这个月在跑步锻炼来减肥。

【横向辐射】take up 的用法

(1) 占，占地方   

   That big table takes up too much room.  那张大桌子占的地方太大了。  

   Learning English takes up a lot of my time.  学英语占了我许多时间。  

(2) 开始从事   

We took up physical chemistry at college.  在大学我们选学了物理化学课。  

(3) 讨论   discuss  

 We will take the next lesson up tomorrow. 我们明天将要讨论下一课。 

(4) 从事；经手   

  The teacher took up the lesson where she stopped. 老师从昨天留下的部分开始讲。  

(5) 让乘客上车；接纳   

  The bus stopped to take up the students.  公共汽车停下来，让这些学生上车。  

【课堂变式】

—What’s your plan for the new school year?

—Oh, I am going to _____a new hobby by learning to play the guitar.

A. take part          B. take up            C. take back           D. take care?

【解析】此题考查take相关的短语，由题意可知，我打算通过学弹吉它开始一项新爱好。答案选B。